Дистанційне
навчання 10-A (07.10.2020)
Lesson
Wednesday,
the seventh of October
Theme: Sonnets
1. Read information about sonnet
A sonnet is a one-stanza,
14-line poem, written in iambic pentameter. The sonnet, which derived from the
Italian word sonetto, meaning “a little sound or song," is "a popular
classical form that has compelled poets for centuries" . The most
common—and simplest—type is known as the English or Shakespearean sonnet, but
there are several other types.
Sonnet
Characteristics
Before William
Shakespeare’s day, the word sonnet could be applied to any short lyric poem. In
Renaissance Italy and then in Elizabethan England, the sonnet became a fixed
poetic form, consisting of 14 lines, usually iambic pentameter in English.
Sonnets
share these characteristics:
Fourteen lines: All
sonnets have 14 lines, which can be broken down into four sections called
quatrains.
A strict rhyme scheme:
The rhyme scheme of a Shakespearean sonnet, for example, is ABAB / CDCD / EFEF
/ GG (note the four distinct sections in the rhyme scheme).
Written in iambic
pentameter: Sonnets are written in iambic pentameter, a poetic meter with 10 beats
per line made up of alternating unstressed and stressed syllables.
A sonnet can be broken
into four sections called quatrains. The first three quatrains contain four
lines each and use an alternating rhyme scheme. The final quatrain consists of
just two lines, which both rhyme.
The
Shakespearean Sonnet
The most well-known and
important sonnets in the English language were written by Shakespeare. These
sonnets cover such themes as love, jealousy, beauty, infidelity, the passage of
time, and death. The first 126 sonnets are addressed to a young man while the
last 28 are addressed to a woman.
Shakespeare’s sonnets
(published 1609) present a different world altogether, the conventions upside
down, the lady no beauty but dark and treacherous, the loved one beyond
considerations of sexual possession because he is male. The sonnet tended to
gravitate toward correctness or politeness, and for most readers its chief
pleasure must have been rhetorical, in its forceful pleading and consciously
exhibited artifice, but, under the pressure of Shakespeare’s urgent
metaphysical concerns, dramatic toughness, and shifting and highly charged
ironies, the form’s conventional limits were exploded.
The sonnets are
constructed with three quatrains (four-line stanzas) and one couplet (two
lines) in the meter of iambic pentameter (like his plays). By the third
couplet, the sonnets usually take a turn, and the poet comes to some kind of
epiphany or teaches the reader a lesson of some sort. Of the 154 sonnets
Shakespeare wrote, a few stand out.
2.
Follow the link and complete the tasks.
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1CwlGfiEnFiOu30qsjRAxt5VanyrH7lKU?usp=sharing
Hometask:
Make a plan in
the form of questions to the topic.
